Knee Injury types and role of physiotherapy

Role of physiotherapy, post operation for Rehabilitation of knee injury comes after the right identification of type of knee injury and its location.

Knee Injuries can be broadly  classified as:-

1)Bony Injuries

2)Soft Tissue Injuries

Picture below showing bony & soft tissue structure around knee joint.

Bony Injuries :-

It can be a fracture of bones around knee joint.These are:-

1) Patellar Fracture(knee cap bone fracture):-

2) Fracture of Femoral Condyles:-

Femur is the upper bone of knee joint it’s broadened lower end called “condyle”.There are 2 condyles in Femur bone inner(medial), outer(lateral). The fracture may occur above the condyles between 2 condyles or one out of the 2 condyles. As shown in figure below:-

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3)Fracture of Tibial Condyles:-

Tibia is lower bone of knee joint it’s broadened upper ends are called “Tibial Condyles”. As in Femur it also has 2 condyles inner & outer. Classification of there fracture is shown here:-

Knee Joint Dislocation:-

Dislocation of joint is defined as Abnormal separation of joint.

Soft Tissue Injuries:-

Main Soft Tissue Injury around knee are:-

Ligament Injuries

Meniscal Injuries

Tendon Injures

1) Ligament injuries:-

As shown above in picture(structure of knee joint) there are 4 main ligaments around knee joint. These are:-

Medial collateral Ligament(MCL)

Lateral collateral Ligament(LCL)

Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL)

Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL)

Ligament injuries are common in sports persons or in twisting injuries of knee joint.

Posterior Cruciate Ligament(PCL) Tear

2) Meniscal Injuries:-

Menisci are pad like structures lies between two bones of knee joint . There are two meniscus in each knee joint one is inner(medial) meniscus another is Outer(lateral) meniscus.

3) Tendon Injuries:-

The picture below showing muscles & their tendons around knee joint.Injury of any one of them can cause pain around knee. Tendon injuries occur due to sudden pull of muscles commonly termed as “Strain”.